Debt-to-Income Calculator
Calculate your debt-to-income ratio from monthly debt payments and monthly gross income.
How to calculate your debt-to-income ratio: DTI (%) = total monthly debt payments ÷ gross monthly income × 100. Lenders use it to judge how much more debt you can carry (CFPB).
Example: $2,150 of monthly debt payments on $7,200 of gross monthly income: 2,150 ÷ 7,200 × 100 = 29.9%.
See what that means for a home in how much house can I afford, or plan repayments with the debt payoff calculator.
Build your scenario
Use your actual figures where available. The output is an educational estimate based on the assumptions below.
Displayed amounts are rounded to two decimal places. Keep the same currency and time period across related inputs.
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Want the full planner?
The Debt Payoff Planner: list every debt, rank them by avalanche or snowball, and see the month you're debt-free and the total interest you'll pay.
See the templateHow this debt-to-income calculator works
Debt-to-income (DTI) expresses monthly debt payments as a percentage of monthly gross income. Lenders use variants of this ratio when assessing capacity to take on a loan. This tool computes a simple educational DTI from the totals you enter; it does not apply product-specific rules, buffers or credit-score overlays.
When to use this calculator
- Estimate how large your current obligations are relative to income before you apply for credit.
- See how much monthly room remains after debt payments.
- Compare scenarios if income or payments change — this is not an approval decision.
How to use this calculator
- Enter total monthly debt payments: mortgage or rent if your lender counts it that way, car loans, student loans, personal loans, and minimum credit-card payments. Use the same definitions your lender publishes.
- Enter monthly gross income before tax (annual gross ÷ 12, or your usual monthly gross).
- Read the DTI percentage and the leftover income after those debt payments.
Debt-to-income ratio formula
Leftover = monthly gross income − monthly debt payments
Worked example: $2,150 of debt on $7,200 income
Monthly debt payments of $2,150.00 against monthly gross income of $7,200.00 produce a DTI of 29.9% (rounded to one decimal place as 29.9%). Leftover income before tax and living costs is $5,050.00. Raising debt payments to $2,880 on the same income lifts DTI to 40.0%.
Guidelines differ: some mortgage programs look for housing costs near 28% of gross income and total DTI near 36%, while others allow higher back-end ratios with compensating factors. Always read the product rules that apply in your country.
Common mistakes
- Using take-home pay instead of gross income when the lender uses gross.
- Omitting minimum revolving payments or buy-now-pay-later instalments the lender will count.
- Comparing your figure with a guideline from a different product or jurisdiction.
- Treating leftover income as discretionary cash — tax and living costs still apply.
Reading the results
The headline is DTI. Monthly debt and Monthly income confirm your inputs. Income after debt payments is a simple subtraction before tax and living expenses. Use the loan, mortgage and budget calculators to explore payment size and spending categories next.
Front-end vs back-end ratios
Housing lenders often track a front-end ratio (housing costs alone ÷ gross income) and a back-end ratio (all counted debts ÷ gross income). This calculator is a single combined ratio based on whatever monthly debt total you enter. If you want a housing-only view, enter only the housing payment; if you want a back-end style view, include other recurring debts the lender will count.
Self-employed income, bonuses and irregular pay may be averaged or haircut by underwriters. Co-borrowers can change both the debt and income sides. Use this page to prepare a clean starting estimate, then verify definitions against the lender's checklist before you treat any percentage as decisive.
What to do with a high DTI
If the ratio looks high relative to guidelines you care about, the levers are straightforward: reduce monthly debt payments (refinance, pay down revolving balances, avoid new instalments), increase documented gross income, or both. Lengthening a loan term can cut the monthly payment and improve DTI while increasing total interest — use the loan calculator to see that trade-off in dollars, not only in the ratio.
Malaysia and Singapore notes
- Singapore: MAS's total debt servicing ratio (TDSR) caps monthly debt repayments on property loans at 55% of gross monthly income. For HDB flats and executive condominiums, the mortgage servicing ratio (MSR) caps the housing instalment at 30%. Try the HDB loan calculator.
- Malaysia: there is no single statutory ratio for all borrowers. Banks apply their own debt service ratio (DSR) limits, usually based on net income and all commitments, including hire-purchase and PTPTN repayments. Try the home loan calculator for Malaysia.
Related calculators
- Debt payoff calculator — how long a balance takes to clear at a set payment.
- Salary and paycheck calculator — estimated take-home pay per pay period.
- Car loan calculator — payment and total interest on vehicle financing.
- Net worth calculator — assets minus liabilities on one date.
Related education
- How Much House Can I Afford? — new guide with worked examples.
- How loan interest works — what drives monthly payments.
- How mortgage payments are calculated — housing payment building blocks.
- How to Choose Budget Categories — allocating income after obligations.
- Gross pay vs net pay — why DTI usually starts from gross.
Frequently asked questions
What DTI do lenders like?
Many housing lenders prefer front-end or back-end ratios below published guidelines, often around 28–36% or up to about 43% in some programs, but rules vary by country and product.
Is rent included?
For a housing DTI, include the housing payment the lender will use (rent or proposed mortgage, plus related costs if required). Check the lender's definition.
Gross or net income?
This calculator uses monthly gross income (before tax), which is the usual base for DTI. Net-income ratios are a different measure.
How do I calculate my debt-to-income ratio?
Add up your monthly debt payments, divide by your gross monthly income and multiply by 100. $2,150 ÷ $7,200 × 100 = 29.9%.
What counts as debt in a DTI ratio?
Regular required payments such as a mortgage or rent where the lender counts it, car loans, student loans, personal loans and minimum card payments. Everyday living costs are not included.
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